Panicum virgatum

Perennial warm-season bunchgrass

Grows in spring and summer, flowers in late summer to early fall

Full sun (6+ hours), tolerates light shade but grows best in full sun

60–65°F (16–18°C)

Adaptable to a variety of soils, including sandy, loamy, and clay but with good drainage

4–9 (USDA)

14–28 days; benefits from cold stratification for better germination rates

5.5–7.5 (acidic to neutral)

Once established, switchgrass is very drought-tolerant. Water regularly during the first year to develop deep root systems. After that, supplemental watering is rarely needed

Can grow in nutrient-poor soils, but light fertilization in spring can enhance growth

Upright, clumping grass with stiff stems and arching foliage

Seed is the most common method although they can also be propagated by division

36–72 inches

Clumps gradually expand. Some cultivars can be spread by rhizomes

18–36 inches apart

Airy, pink-tinged flower spikes. The seeds sometimes take on a pink or dull-purple tinge and turn golden brown in the fall

Birds (seeds in winter), butterflies, and other insects

Ornamental landscaping, prairie restoration, erosion control, biofuel production, livestock forage

Little Bluestem, Indian Grass, Coneflowers, Black-eyed Susan, Asters

Cut back in early spring before new growth emerges

Non-toxic to humans and pets

Generally pest-resistant but may attract grasshoppers

Highly resistant to diseases, though rust or leaf spots may occur in wet conditions